Basilica Cistern

Due to its geographical location that connects europe with asia and due to its importance in the world of trade, istanbul city has been always an attractive place for many civilizations and empires through the time. especially byzantinian empire which has built what was called a modern city full of facilities using sophisticated architectural and civil techniques. in the matter of a fact, a lot of what was built and established during byzantinian period is still standing till the current day as a proof of how great this civilization was, and one of the most important proofs is the basilica cistern.

published: 23 September 2022 / updated: 9 August 2024

Historical Functions of Basilica Cistern

The Basilica Cistern is located in Sultanahmet, the heart of Old Town. It is in a few minutes-walk from the Blue Mosque and easy to reach to Basilica Cistern from the southwest of Hagia Sophia Museum. Many travelers wonder about what Basilica Cistern is and what function it used to have. In fact, during the Byzantium era, Basilica Cistern was built for reserving rainwater and it used to be the main water reservoir of the city. It is known that Emperor Justinian I built the Underground Cistern around the middle of the 6th century. There is also a basilica in the cistern that gives the commonly used English name to the structure though traditionally, it is called ¨Yerebatan Sarnıcı¨ referring to its original function of underground water supply.
Basilica (Yerebatan) Cistern was used to reserve water for the Imperial Palace and neighborhood residences of Constantinople until its conquest by Fatih Sultan Mehmet. After 1453, it was used with this function for a short while and was left useless when the Ottoman architects built their own running water facilities around Topkapı Palace and Istanbul. It was a hidden mystery for Petrus Gyyllius, a Dutch traveler, who discovered the Underground Cistern in 1545 during his city walks. There were houses constructed on the cistern but fishmongers were selling a variety of fish caught in that hidden beauty. It had to wait until 1987 when Istanbul Municipality finished cleaning of this fascinating palace-like structure to open it as a so-called Yerebatan Museum.

Surprising Details about the Cistern

Basilica (Yerebatan) Cistern has a rectangular plan like a cathedral with a 143-meter width and 65-meter width. It has a capacity of storing 80.000 m3 water. What attracts is the number and size of giant columns supporting the skeleton. There is 336 huge columns built in the Ionian or Corinthian style. There are 28 columns and 12 rows within the structure, thus it needs almost an hour to visit Basilica Cistern in a guided tour to explore all the details of it. Basilica Cistern Skip the Line Tour gives you all the hints of this exciting place.
Due to its mysterious atmosphere, Underground Cistern was used as a thriller platform for exciting movies such as From Russia with Love on the James Bond series in 1963 and Inferno starred by Tom Hanks in 2016. Another interesting feature is the myth of medusa head engravings. There are two mammoth medusa heads on the far corner of the building. One of them sits on its side and the female one stays upside down to lessen its power. According to the legend, Basilica Cistern Medusa Head was used as a frightening guard due to the mythical power to convert someone to stone if the person looks directly in its eyes.

Underground Museum and Tour Tips

Today, the museum is busy with tourist groups, travelers, and concert organizations. Basilica Cistern's opening and closing times are between 9 a.m. and 7 p.m. during high season but it closes half an hour earlier during winter days. There is an entrance fee varying for local and foreign visitors, so you can check the most recent fee on how much it is to visit Basilica Cistern on the istanbul.com website. You need to pay by cash on the spot, but it is better if you buy your Basilica Cistern online tickets earlier to your visit with a skip-the-line benefit.
If you plan to spend more time in the area, just get Basilica Cistern Museum Pass to see other attractions in a short track form, as well. Istanbul Tourist Pass which can also be used as the Basilica Cistern Museum Pass allows you to take a fully guided tour of more than 30 different museums in Istanbul with no additional entry fee but including free extra services.